Yicheng Gao

Yicheng Gao 高溢骋

PhD Candidate · Tongji University · Visiting Scholar at Helmholtz Munich

I am a PhD candidate in the Bioinformatics Department at Tongji University, supervised by Prof. Qi Liu in BM2 Lab. Currently, I am a Visiting Scholar at Helmholtz Munich, mentored by Prof. Fabian J. Theis. Previously, I was a Research Intern in the AI/ML group at Microsoft Research Asia, mentored by Dr. Caihua Shan and Dr. Dongsheng Li.

My research focuses on AI virtual cell construction, spanning cell disentanglement, perturbation prediction, multi-modal representation, and protein-protein interaction modeling. I am also interested in bridging LLMs and single-cell omics — using LLM reasoning to study omics data and building agent systems for single-cell biology.

Seeking faculty / postdoc positions starting 2026

Research Directions

01

Cell Disentanglement & Counterfactual Generation

02

Cell Perturbation Prediction

03

Multi-modal Representation

04

Protein-Protein Interaction Modeling

News

Sep 2025Our work accepted by Genome Biology
Sep 2025Our work accepted by Cell Systems
Jul 2025Joined Fabian Theis's lab at Helmholtz Munich as a visiting scholar
Jun 2025Our work accepted by Nature Communications and highlighted!
Jun 2025Awarded the "Potential Qingyuan Scholar" of CAAI
May 2025Supported by Shanghai Interdisciplinary Innovation Foundation, 50K RMB
Jan 2025Supported by NSFC, 300K RMB
Oct 2024Awarded "Academic Pioneer" at Tongji University (Top 0.05%, ranked 1st)
Oct 2024Our article in Nature Computational Science was highlighted!
Oct 2024Awarded "Stars of Tomorrow" at Microsoft Research
Sep 2024Our work accepted by Nucleic Acids Research
Aug 2024Our work accepted by Nature Computational Science
Aug 2024One letter accepted by Nature Computational Science
May 2024Article in Cell Genomics annotated as Featured Article
Apr 2024Our work accepted by Cell Genomics
Jan 2024Our work in Nature Machine Intelligence selected as ESI highly cited
Dec 2023Joined Microsoft Research Asia as an intern
Sep 2023One letter accepted by Nature Machine Intelligence
Mar 2023Article in Nature Machine Intelligence was highlighted!
Jan 2023Our article accepted by Nature Machine Intelligence
Sep 2020Joined BM2 Lab at Tongji University

Selected Publications

2025

Language may be all omics needs: Harmonizing multimodal data for omics understanding with CellHermes

bioRxiv
Yicheng Gao, Weixu Wang, Yuheng Zhao, Kejing Dong, Caihua Shan, Weizhong Zheng, Till Richter, Zekai Li, Siming Chen, Fabian J. Theis, Qi Liu

Causal disentanglement for single-cell representations and controllable counterfactual generation

Nature Communications Research Highlight
Yicheng Gao*, Kejing Dong*, Caihua Shan, Dongsheng Li, Qi Liu
2024

Toward subtask decomposition-based learning and benchmarking for genetic perturbation outcome prediction and beyond

Nature Computational Science Research Highlight
Yicheng Gao*, Zhiting Wei*, Kejing Dong*, Ke Chen*, Jingya Yang, Guohui Chuai, Qi Liu

Unified cross-modality integration and analysis of T cell receptors and T cell transcriptomes by low-resource-aware representation learning

Cell Genomics Featured Article
Yicheng Gao*, Kejing Dong*, Yuli Gao, Xuan Jin, Jingya Yang, Gang Yan, Qi Liu
2023

Pan-Peptide Meta Learning for T-cell receptor–antigen binding recognition

Nature Machine Intelligence Research Highlight · ESI Highly Cited
Yicheng Gao*, Yuli Gao*, Yuxiao Fan, Chengyu Zhu, Zhiting Wei, Chi Zhou, Guohui Chuai, Qinchang Chen, He Zhang, Qi Liu
2025

Benchmarking algorithms for generalizable single-cell perturbation response prediction

Nature Methods
Zhiting Wei*, Yiheng Wang*, Yicheng Gao*, Shuguang Wang*, Ping Li, Duanmiao Si, Yuli Gao, Siqi Wu, Danlu Li, Kejing Dong, Xingbo Yang, Chen Tang, Shaliu Fu, Xiaohan Chen, Wannian Li, Yuzhou You, Chen Zhang, Aibin Liang, Guohui Chuai, Qi Liu

Benchmarking multi-slice integration and downstream applications in spatial transcriptomics data analysis

Genome Biology
Kejing Dong*, Yicheng Gao*, Qi Zou, Yan Cui, Chuangyi Han, Senlin Lin, Zhikang Wang, Chen Tang, Xiaojie Cheng, Fangliangzi Meng, Xiaohan Chen, Shuguang Wang, Xuan Jin, Jingya Yang, Chen Zhang, Guohui Chuai, Zhiyuan Yuan, Qi Liu

Weakly-supervised peptide-TCR binding prediction facilitates neoantigen identification

Cell Systems
Yuli Gao*, Yicheng Gao*, Siqi Wu*, Danlu Li, Chi Zhou, Fangliangzi Meng, Kejing Dong, Xueying Zhao, Ping Li, Aibin Zhang, Qi Liu
2024

PerturBase: a comprehensive database for single-cell perturbation data analysis and visualization

Nucleic Acids Research
Zhiting Wei*, Duanmiao Si*, Bin Duan*, Yicheng Gao*, Qian Yu, Ling Guo, Qi Liu

Delineating the cell types with transcriptional kinetics

Nature Computational Science
Yicheng Gao, Qi Liu

Foundation models in molecular biology

Biophysics Reports
Yunda Si, Jiawei Zou, Yicheng Gao, Guohui Chuai, Qi Liu
2023

Reply to: The pitfalls of negative data bias for the T-cell epitope specificity challenge

Nature Machine Intelligence
Yicheng Gao*, Yuli Gao*, Kejing Dong, Siqi Wu, Qi Liu

Privacy-preserving integration of multiple institutional data for single-cell type identification with scPrivacy

Science China Life Sciences
Shaoqi Chen, Bin Duan, Chenyu Zhu, Chen Tang, Shuguang Wang, Yicheng Gao, Shaliu Fu, Lixin Fan, Qiang Yang, Qi Liu
2021

Integrating multiple references for single-cell assignment

Nucleic Acids Research
Bin Duan, Shaoqi Chen, Xiaohan Chen, Chenyu Zhu, Chen Tang, Shuguang Wang, Yicheng Gao, Shaliu Fu, Qi Liu
2019

An ensemble strategy to predict prognosis in ovarian cancer based on gene modules

Frontiers in Genetics
Yicheng Gao, Xionghui Zhou, Wen Zhang

Awards & Grants

2025
National Scholarship for PhD Students (Top 0.2%)
CAAI "Potential Qingyuan Scholar"
Shanghai Interdisciplinary Innovation Foundation — 50K RMB
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) — 300K RMB
2024
"Academic Pioneer Award" at Tongji University (Top 0.05%, ranked 1st)
"Stars of Tomorrow" at Microsoft Research (Top 10% interns)
National Scholarship for PhD Students (Top 0.2%)
2023
National Scholarship for PhD Students (Top 0.2%)
2020
Tongji University Scholarship for Outstanding PhD Freshman (Top 5%)
2019
9th MathorCup University Mathematical Modeling Challenge — First Prize

Experience

Visiting Scholar

Helmholtz Munich — Theis Lab
Aug 2025 – Feb 2026
Mentored by Prof. Fabian J. Theis

Research Intern — AI/ML Group

Microsoft Research Asia
Dec 2023 – Oct 2024
Mentored by Dr. Caihua Shan and Dr. Dongsheng Li

Algorithm Engineer Intern

BGI Genomics
Summer 2019 & 2020